CVE-2025-9086: Out of bounds read for cookie path

1. A cookie is set using the secure keyword for https://target 2. curl is redirected to or otherwise made to speak with http://target (same hostname, but using clear text HTTP) using the same cookie set 3. The same cookie name is set - but with just a slash as path (path=\"/\",). Since this site is not secure, the cookie should just be ignored. 4. A bug in the path comparison logic makes curl read outside a heap buffer boundary

The bug either causes a crash or it potentially makes the comparison come to the wrong conclusion and lets the clear-text site override the contents of the secure cookie, contrary to expectations and depending on the memory contents immediately following the single-byte allocation that holds the path.

The presumed and correct behavior would be to plainly ignore the second set of the cookie since it was already set as secure on a secure host so overriding it on an insecure host should not be okay.

— MITRE

App Store. A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions.

— Apple

AppleJPEG. The issue was addressed with improved bounds checks.

— Apple

AppleMobileFileIntegrity. A downgrade issue affecting Intel-based Mac computers was addressed with additional code-signing restrictions.

— Apple

AppleMobileFileIntegrity. A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions.

— Apple